Hydrothermal and Entropy Investigation of Ag/MgO/H2O Hybrid Nanofluid Natural Convection in a Novel Shape of Porous Cavity

In this study, a new cavity form filled under constant magnetic field by Ag/MgO/H2O nanofluids and porous media consistent with natural convection total entropy is examined. The nanofluid flow considered to be laminar incompressible, while the advection inertia effect in layer taken into account adopting Darcy–Forchheimer model. problem explained dimensionless of governing equations solved finite element method. results values Darcy (Da), Hartmann (Ha) Rayleigh (Ra) numbers, porosity (εp), properties solid volume fraction (ϕ) fields were studied. findings show that each improvement Ha number, heat transfer rate becomes more limited, thus can used as an outstanding controller.